This winter has been extreme around the northern part of the globe. The prediction of such colder and longer winter has been predicted for 2030 but it came longer before that. This is due to phenomena called polar vortex which is a cyclonic effect in the north and south part of the globe. Polar vortex has 2 centers in the north, one in Canada and the other in eastern Siberia. Polar vortex relies on the temperature difference between the north and the equator.
The ocean and earth surface temperature has increased by 0.9oC causing the melting of the ice on the land in Greenland. This is fresh water that will reduce the salination level of the sea and increase the less desalinated top 400 meters. The top 400 meters moves north from the equator taking the heat with it. As the heat dissipate the water gets more dense and goes below 400 meters and move back to the equator creating what is called ocean current.
The current already starts to be affected and we started to see the effect on the northern part of the globe, colder, longer and more severe conditions. As more and more ice melts in the north and south, more current will be affected.
In the southern hemisphere, Australia has one of the worst droughts in the eastern states. The bushfires are increasing day by day. In South Australia, Adelaide city has the highest temperature record in its history and for that day, it was the highest temperature in the world.